Document Type : scientific research paper
Authors
1
Ph.D. Student in in Criminal Law and Criminology, Department of Law, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh branch، Iran
2
Associate Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
Abstract
Soil, as a fundamental component of the right to a healthy environment, plays a critical role in safeguarding human health, ensuring food security, maintaining ecosystem stability, and advancing sustainable development. Yet, due to pressures arising out of economic growth and development in many countries, including Iran and England, this non-renewable resource is exposed to escalating threats, such as pollution, erosion, and degradation.Using an analytical-comparative methodology, the research deal with a comparison of two legal systems of Iran and England in using non-criminal measures with the aim of examining the extent of efficiency of social preventing policy in preventing crime relating to soil contamination.The central question is to what extent have these social prevention strategies succeeded in mitigating soil pollution, and what legislative, institutional, and enforcement gaps undermine their impact on preventing aims? The focus of this research is on four key pillars: public awareness, mass education, organizing employment and economic position, culture-building.Findings indicate that although both countries emphasize the necessity of using preventive measures as a complementation of penal measures, in Iran, lack of coherent strategy, inadequate systematic specialized education, multiplicity of responsible institutions, and weak monitoring prevent the realization of these policies in practice. On the other hand, England to some extent is successful in performing social prevention by employing interagency organization, designing the multi-level education, linkage of job creation with environmental goals and establishment of system of efficient monitoring. Analyzing comparative non-penal measures and presenting critique background, this study not only fill the theoretical gap in Iranian literature, but also provide practical solution for making indigenous successful model in England towards promoting efficient strategies relating to social prevention from crime regarding contamination of soil.
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