Journal of Research and Development in Comparative Law

Journal of Research and Development in Comparative Law

State Liability for Compensation of Damages Arising from Riots: A Comparative Study in Iranian and English Law

Articles in Press

Document Type : scientific research paper

Authors
hosein darabi 1
mohammad bahrami khoshkar 2
seyed abolghasem naghibi 2
morteza chitsazian 2
1 Ph.D. student in Jurisprudence and Private Law in motahari university
2 Department of Jurisprudence and Law, Faculty of Humanities, Shahid Motahari University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/law.2025.2068533.1689
Abstract
State Liability for Compensation of Damages Arising from Riots: A Comparative Study in Iranian and English Law

In recent decades, with the significant rise in protests and urban riots, the issue of compensating damages to individuals and property has become one of the fundamental challenges for legal systems in ensuring citizens’ rights and maintaining public order. Precisely determining the scope of the government’s civil liability and the related legal and institutional requirements for compensating damages arising from urban unrest is among the crucial matters requiring attention in the field of public law and civil liability.

The Iranian legal system, relying on its rich legal heritage and dynamic jurisprudence, possesses extensive theoretical and practical capacities to define and implement effective mechanisms for compensating damages resulting from urban disturbances and, through the enactment of specialized regulations and improvement of executive processes, can present a comprehensive and effective model in this field. The legal system of England, through the enactment and update of the Riot Compensation Act 2016, has provided a framework for compensating such damages, yet it still faces limitations in scope and ambiguity in its criteria. This study, by thoroughly examining the legal and institutional requirements of both legal systems and comparing their strengths and weaknesses, offers practical and legislative solutions to improve Iran’s legal framework.

Using an analytical–comparative method, this article examines the legal foundations of governmental liability in Iran and analyzes the evolution of laws and theoretical foundations governing the English legal system. Based on the research findings, and drawing on the capacities of Imamiyyah jurisprudence and the principles of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, a comprehensive and effective framework for ensuring compensation of damages caused by riots in Iran has been designed. This proposed framework includes enacting a specific law, establishing a national compensation fund, reforming insurance and judicial policies, and strengthening preventive approaches.

Keywords:RIOT,StateLiability,Damages,compensatio,Comparative law
Keywords
Keywords:RIOT
StateLiability
Damages
compensatio
Comparative law  

Subjects

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Journal of Research and Development in Comparative Law

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 11 September 2025