Journal of Research and Development in Comparative Law

Journal of Research and Development in Comparative Law

The Review of the Theory of Fiduciary Duties And Comparative Study in Iranian law

Articles in Press

Document Type : scientific research paper

Authors
Asghar Zirak barougi 1
Mortaza Hajipour 2
Ahmad Javadzadeh 3
1 Assistant Professor in the law department of azarbaijan shahid madani University
2 Associate Professor in the law department of azarbaijan shahid madani university
3 Master's degree student in private law, Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan
10.22034/law.2025.2052770.1607
Abstract
The early foundations of fiduciary duties can be found in Roman law, where the principles of trust and obligation were established.Ancient Greek philosophical thought also provided the basis for understanding the necessity of trust, with its emphasis on trust-based relationships and, of course, moral responsibility. The theory of trust in English law is rooted in the common legal traditions and customs of fairness and equity that have evolved over the centuries. In the early days of common law, in the mid-first millennium AD, trust was an unknown concept and the potential of trust-based relationships was neglected due to the strict application of rigid laws. Fiduciary duties in common law serve as a legal framework governing relationships based on trust and reliance. In addition to imposing high standards of care and protection on fiduciaries, these duties require them to act in the interests of their beneficiaries and to ensure the principle of loyalty in various aspects of this relationship. Although fiduciary principles in common law jurisprudence generally referenced as the first English law was about three hundred years ago, but the historical concepts of fiduciary duties origins even older and has roots in ancient Roman law and Old Testament; therefore, does not seem to be a new concept. Despite the extensive application of the principles of fiduciary duties by judges and lawyers, there has been no correct and comprehensive explanation of the concept of fiduciary duties. Notwithstanding, fiduciary duties are not explicitly mentioned in Iranian jurisprudence, their manifestations in various forms, such as ragarding interest of client's for trustee, and the obligation to inform the broker in the event that he is a participant or beneficiary in the transaction, reinforce the view that Iranian law is not so outsider (or odd) into the concept of fiduciaries. The present study aims to introduce fiduciary relationships and duties, introduces the basic elements of a fiduciary relationship, while providing approaches to justify the nature of these relationships, will examine the scope of fiduciaries' duties.
Keywords
Trusty
Fiduciaries
Fiduciary ralationships. Fiduciary duties
Commitment test. Test of power and authority

Subjects

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Journal of Research and Development in Comparative Law

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 29 July 2025