فصلنامه تحقیق و توسعه در حقوق تطبیقی

فصلنامه تحقیق و توسعه در حقوق تطبیقی

تحلیل انتقادی و تطبیقی نظام حقوقی ایران در خصوص کودکان نامشروع: ریشه‌های تاریخی و تحولات معاصر

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
عباس میرشکاری 1
جمشید زرگری 2
1 استادیار، گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 کارشناسی ارشد حقوق سردفتری، دانشگاه علوم قضایی و خدمات اداری، تهران، ایران
10.22034/law.2024.2037994.1440
چکیده
مقاله پژوهشی حاضر، به بررسی تبعیض حقوقی علیه کودکان نامشروع در ایران می‌پردازد. علی‌رغم وجود قوانین مروج برابری، نگرش‌های اجتماعی تحت تأثیر باورهای دینی همچنان به تبعیض منجر می‌شوند. این مطالعه به سازگاری باورهای دینی با چارچوب‌های حقوقی و تغییرات اعمال‌شده در نظام حقوقی ایران در پاسخ به تحولات مثبت حقوق بشر می‌پردازد. مقاله با مقایسه تجربیات کودکان ایرانی با کودکان کشورهای دیگر تحت تأثیر احکام اسلامی، به دنبال پر کردن خلأهای پژوهشی است. این مطالعه با بهره‌گیری از منابع کتابخانه‌ای و روش‌های تحقیق توصیفی و تاریخی، وضعیت حقوقی کودکان متولد شده خارج از ازدواج را در سطح ملی و بین‌المللی و تبعیض‌های علیه آنان بررسی می‌کند. مقاله به چهار بخش مجزا ساختاربندی شده است: تحلیل حقوق اسلامی، بررسی نظام حقوقی ایران، ارزیابی انطباق ایران با کنوانسیون‌های بین‌المللی، و گفتمانی در خصوص ضرورت تغییر مثبت و اساسی. در نهایت، مقاله توصیه می‌کند که تبعیض از طریق افزایش آگاهی و توسعه برابری برای همه کودکان، صرف‌نظر از نسب آنان، ریشه‌کن شود. به مخصتر، این مقاله پژوهشی به دنبال روشن ساختن چالش‌های پیش روی کودکان نامشروع در ایران، با هدف ترویج تغییرات مثبت با آنان است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تبعیض
حقوق بشر
کودکان نامشروع
نظام حقوقی ایران
حقوق اسلامی

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